PHP — Math

Basic math

<?php
echo abs(-5);          // 5
echo round(3.14159, 2); // 3.14
echo ceil(3.1);        // 4
echo floor(3.9);       // 3
echo sqrt(16);         // 4
echo pow(2, 10);       // 1024
echo max(1, 2, 3);     // 3
echo min(1, 2, 3);     // 1
?>

Random numbers

<?php
echo rand(1, 100);        // Random int 1-100
echo random_int(1, 100);  // Cryptographic random
echo mt_rand(1, 100);     // Mersenne Twister
?>

Trigonometry

<?php
echo sin(0);    // 0
echo cos(0);    // 1
echo tan(0);    // 0
echo M_PI;      // 3.14159265358979
echo rad2deg(M_PI); // 180
echo deg2rad(180);  // 3.14159...
?>

Logarithmic

<?php
echo log(100);     // 4.605...
echo log10(100);   // 2
echo log(M_E);     // 1
?>

Number formatting

<?php
echo number_format(1234567.891, 2); // 1,234,567.89
echo number_format(1234567.891, 2, ".", ","); // 1,234,567.89
echo base_convert("ff", 16, 10); // 255
echo decbin(255);    // 11111111
echo dechex(255);    // ff
?>

Mini Practice

Write PHP code that:

1. Uses basic math functions
2. Generates random numbers
3. Performs trigonometric calculations
4. Formats numbers with separators

Up Next

In the next lesson, you'll learn about Namespaces — organizing code.